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Application filed august 21, 1922. Serial lilo. 533,297.

To all wiz-om t may concern) lle it known that llaifrnn E. HITCHCOCK, acitizeniol2 the United States, residing at Blanchard, in the county otFage and State ot lowa, has invented certain new and usetulllmprovements in Culverts, ot which the itollowing is a specication.

My invention relates to culverts and particularly to a head therefordesigned tor the purpose oit supporting or retainingthe bank at each endci the culvert.

rlhe `principal purpose ozt this invention is the provision of a sheetmetal wing wall which may be readily attached to culvert-s of `standardsize and which will eftectually prevent sliding ot the earth adjacentthe terminals of the `culvert and also caving in of the earthsurrounding the culvertby reason of the tact that water cannot flowaround the culvert and carry away the soil.

l urtherobject isto provide a head or wing wall which may be formed insections and built either betore :application to the culvert terminal orat the time ot' application.

l further feature resides in the peculiar manner of attaching the wallto the culvert.

l further Wfeature resides in a culvert wall which may be adapted toruse with either circular or square culverts by simply :torming theopening circular or rectangular as the case may require.

ln the accompanying drawings forming a part of this speciiication,

Figure 1 is an end View of one form ot my culvert wall illustrating itsapplication to a culvert, circular in cross section;

Figure 2 is a central vertical section through the wall shown in ligurel, the culvert being shown in side elevation;

Figure 3 is a side elevation ot the wall at one end of a culvert;

Figure 4 is an end view ot another form of my invention, illustratingits application 'to a culvert ot rectangular cross-section;

Figure 5 is a side elevation of the arrangement shown in Figure Ll.

Figure 6 is a horizontal sectional view on theJ line 6-6 ot Figure 5,and

Figure t is a detail section ot a modified term of attachment.

Referring now more specifically to the drawings by numerals etreference, 2 indi- Cates a culvert ot the ordinary type, in thisinstance being shown as ot' circular crosserectionu The wing-wall orhead is indicated generally by the numeral 4l, Vand comprises arelatively rigidwsheet metal plate preterably rec tangular, and while itmay take the form ot a single sheet, is preferably formed ot a pluralityoi? sections 6 whose meeting edges may overlap and be riveted togetheror may be joined by nietal strips t5 secured to the respective sectionsin any suitable manner, such tor example as by bolts 9.

The lateral edges ot the plate t are turned rearwardlylto provide earthretaining 'llanges 1Q, which incidently serve to reinforce the wing-walland obviate buckling thereof.

Upon the upper horizontal edge ot' the plate, is mounted a crown platel2 ot triangular form, the upper walls ot which slope oppositely fromthe apex ot the crown toward the side edges ot the main plate. The upperwall or edge ot the crown plate is also provided with a rearwardlydirected tiange let which at their lower portions join or abut the upperends oi the Hanges l0 ot the plate l at the point w in figure 3.

rlhe crown plate may also, it desired, be formed in sections joined by ametal strip 15, or by overlapping the adjacent edges and then rivetingor spot welding. The crown plate l2 may be attached to the plate l bymeans or straps 16 secured by rivets 1S.

lin addition to its connection with the culvert 2, the plate l and crownl2 is supported principally by a plurality oit metal posts or stakes 19which are driven into the earth and secured to the inner tace ot theplate 4 and crown 12 by rivets 2l or the like.

For the purpose ot attaching the wall to the riln oft the culvert at itsmouth, ll provide a series oit angle clips 22 secured respectively tothe tace of the plate 4.- and to the inner wall oit the culvert adjacentits opening by rivets 24. its an alternative form which will be foundentirely practical7 ll may provide the plate a adjacent its opening witha series of integral tongues which may be bent inwardly and secured tothe culvert in the manner described.

Vlhe form or arrangement shown in tigure a,

except tor the tact that the opening in the plate l is rectangular toaccommodate a culvert oit like character, is quite sin'iilar to the formshown in ligure l and the toregoing description substantially coverssaid hgure fl. ltlowever, in this figure 4, the plate d is attached tovthe culvert by integral tongues 25 arranged around the wall ot the lOl)rectangular opening and secured by rivets 26. In the present arrangementy"I have shown means for anchoring the wing-wall against movementtending to separate it from the culvert, this means comprising a rod orcable 30 attached at each side of the wall to the lateral ianges l0 neartheir upper ends or at a point intermediate the longitudinal center lineof the culvert and the upper ends ot' the lateral posts or stakes, andat their lower ends in Fig. 3 to stakes 32 driven into the earthadjacent to the side ofthe culvert, or as shown in Fig. 5 to suitablefastening devices such as eyes 33 secured to the sides of the culvert.While these are preferred methods ot bracing the wing wall 4, it isunderstood that other forms may be adopted within the scope of theattached claims.

In Fig. 7, Ishow a modification and it is a view similar to Fig. 6, withthe exception that the culvert 2 is corrugated, and the tongues 25 arebent to conformL to `t'lie curvature of the end corrugation, and securedby rivets 26.

From the foregoing description of the construction of my improvedapparatus, it will be seen that I have provided a simple, inexpensiveand eiiicient means for carrying` out the objects of the invention, andwhile I have particularly described the elements best adapted to performthe functions set forth, it is obvious that various changes in form,proportion and in the minor details of construction may be resorted towithout departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the principlesof the invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire toprotect is:

I. In a device ot the character described. a main metal plate formed insections securely fastened together, a crown plate also formed insections and secured to said main plate at its upper edge, rearwardlydirected ianges formed on said main plate and said crown plate andproviding a bontinuous iange around the sides and upper edge of thedevice, said main plate being provided with a central opening for theterminal' o1 a culvert,

2. In a device of the character described. a main metal plate providedwith a central opening adapted to receive the terminal of a culvert, acrown plate secured to the main plate along its upper edge, contiguousrearwardly directed flanges on each of said plates, clips secured tosaid main plate adjacent its opening tor attaehl'nent to a cul vert,supporting posts secured to the face of said main plate, and additionalmea-ns for anchoring said plate to the ground.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature.

WALTER E. HITCHCOCK.

